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external reality

  • 1 external reality

    external reality объективное существование мира вне нас

    Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > external reality

  • 2 external reality

    Универсальный англо-русский словарь > external reality

  • 3 external reality

    Новый англо-русский словарь > external reality

  • 4 external

    external [ɪkˊstɜ:nl]
    1. a
    1) нару́жный, вне́шний;

    for external use only то́лько для нару́жного употребле́ния

    ;

    external ear анат. нару́жное у́хо

    2) находя́щийся, лежа́щий вне, за преде́лами (чего-л.);

    external force вне́шняя си́ла

    ;

    external reality объекти́вное существова́ние ми́ра вне нас

    ;

    external evidence объекти́вные показа́ния или да́нные

    ;

    external world вне́шний мир, мир вне нас

    3) (чи́сто) вне́шний, несуще́ственный;

    external circumstances обстоя́тельства, не име́ющие суще́ственного значе́ния

    4) иностра́нный, вне́шний (о политике, торговле)
    5) сдаю́щий экза́мены эксте́рном ( о студенте)
    2. n pl
    1) вне́шность; вне́шнее, несуще́ственное;

    to judge by externals суди́ть по вне́шности

    2) вне́шние обстоя́тельства

    Англо-русский словарь Мюллера > external

  • 5 external

    eksˈtə:nl
    1. прил.
    1) а) внешний, наружный, поверхностный Ant: internal б) анат. выходящий или находящийся на внешней поверхности тела (об органе тела) в) мед. внешний (о методе лечения, без оперативного вмешательства во внутренние органы)
    2) выходящий за пределы чего-л., находящийся за пределами чего-л. those who were external to Christianityлюди, не относящиеся к христианскому миру
    3) несущественный, показной
    4) иностранный, внешний ( о политике, торговле) the external debt of the stateвнешний долг государства
    2. сущ.;
    мн.
    1) внешность, внешний вид;
    облик( в прямом - о человеке - и переносном смысле) Syn: appearance, exterior, outside
    2) а) внешняя сторона дела б) превходящие обстоятельства наружная, внешняя сторона, поверхность pl внешнее, показное, несущественное - *s of religion религиозная обрядность, внешние проявления религиозности - the subordination of *s to essentials подчинение внешней стороны существу дела pl наружность, внешность, внешний облик - to judge things and people by *s судить все и вся по внешнему виду внешние обстоятельства наружный, внешний - * angle (математика) внешний угол - * action внешнее воздействие - * ear (анатомия) наружное ухо - * cause (медицина) внешняя причина( болезни), экзогенный фактор - * agency( специальное) воздействие внешней среды - * appearance внешний вид, экстерьер - * attack нападение извне - * crack (геология) поверхностная трещина - * dimensions( специальное) габариты - for * use (only) (фармацевтическое) (только) для наружного употребления) (часто to) находящийся вне - * force внешняя сила - * evidence объективные данные /показания/;
    свидетельства со стороны - * circumstances привходящие обстоятельства - problems * to our own sphere проблемы, не входящие непосредственно в нашу область внешний, иностранный - * loan внешний заем - * trade внешняя торговля - * relations внешние сношения - * affairs иностранные дела, внешние сношения - Department for /(канад) of/ E. Affairs министерство иностранных дел( Австралии, Канады) посторонний, не относящийся к данному вопросу, существу дела и т. п. - * considerations сторонние соображения поверхностный, внешний, показной - * politeness показная вежливость - * acts of worship религиозная обрядность (философское) объективный, существующий независимо от нас - * world внешний /объективно существующий/ мир - * reality объективная реальность учащийся или изучаемый экстерном - an * degree диплом /степень бакалавра/, полученный /-ная/ экстерном current ~ transactions текущие внешние операции external pl внешние обстоятельства ~ (чисто) внешний, несущественный;
    external circumstances обстоятельства, не имеющие существенного значения ~ наружный, внешний;
    for external use only только для наружного употребления;
    external ear анат. наружное ухо ~ находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.) ;
    external force внешняя сила;
    external reality объективное существование мира вне нас ~ (чисто) внешний, несущественный;
    external circumstances обстоятельства, не имеющие существенного значения ~ внешний, иностранный ~ вчт. внешний ~ внешний ~ pl внешность;
    внешнее, несущественное;
    to judge by externals судить по внешности ~ иностранный, внешний (о политике, торговле) ~ иностранный ~ наружный, внешний;
    for external use only только для наружного употребления;
    external ear анат. наружное ухо ~ наружный ~ находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.) ;
    external force внешняя сила;
    external reality объективное существование мира вне нас ~ поверхностный ~ посторонний ~ evidence объективные показания или данные ~ world внешний мир, мир вне нас ~ находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.) ;
    external force внешняя сила;
    external reality объективное существование мира вне нас ~ наружный, внешний;
    for external use only только для наружного употребления;
    external ear анат. наружное ухо ~ pl внешность;
    внешнее, несущественное;
    to judge by externals судить по внешности

    Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > external

  • 6 external

    [eksˈtə:nl]
    current external transactions текущие внешние операции external pl внешние обстоятельства external (чисто) внешний, несущественный; external circumstances обстоятельства, не имеющие существенного значения external наружный, внешний; for external use only только для наружного употребления; external ear анат. наружное ухо external находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.); external force внешняя сила; external reality объективное существование мира вне нас external (чисто) внешний, несущественный; external circumstances обстоятельства, не имеющие существенного значения external внешний, иностранный external вчт. внешний external внешний external pl внешность; внешнее, несущественное; to judge by externals судить по внешности external иностранный, внешний (о политике, торговле) external иностранный external наружный, внешний; for external use only только для наружного употребления; external ear анат. наружное ухо external наружный external находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.); external force внешняя сила; external reality объективное существование мира вне нас external поверхностный external посторонний external evidence объективные показания или данные external world внешний мир, мир вне нас external находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.); external force внешняя сила; external reality объективное существование мира вне нас external наружный, внешний; for external use only только для наружного употребления; external ear анат. наружное ухо external pl внешность; внешнее, несущественное; to judge by externals судить по внешности

    English-Russian short dictionary > external

  • 7 external

    1. [ıkʹstɜ:n(ə)l] n
    1. наружная, внешняя сторона, поверхность
    2. pl внешнее, показное, несущественное

    externals of religion - религиозная обрядность, внешние проявления религиозности

    the subordination of externals to essentials - подчинение внешней стороны существу дела

    3. pl
    1) наружность, внешность, внешний облик

    to judge things and people by externals - судить всё и вся по внешнему виду

    2) внешние обстоятельства
    2. [ıkʹstɜ:n(ə)l] a
    1. 1) наружный, внешний

    external angle - мат. внешний угол

    external ear - анат. наружное ухо

    external cause - мед. внешняя причина (болезни), экзогенный фактор

    external agency - спец. воздействие внешней среды

    external appearance - внешний вид, экстерьер

    external crack - геол. поверхностная трещина

    external dimensions - спец. габариты

    for external use (only) - фарм. (только) для наружного употребления

    2) ( часто to) находящийся вне

    external evidence - объективные данные /показания/; свидетельства со стороны

    problems external to our own sphere - проблемы, не входящие непосредственно в нашу область

    2. внешний, иностранный

    external loan [debt] - внешний заём [долг]

    external affairs - иностранные дела, внешние сношения

    Department for /канад. of/ External Affairs - министерство иностранных дел (Австралии, Канады)

    3. посторонний, не относящийся к данному вопросу, существу дела и т. п.
    4. поверхностный, внешний, показной
    5. филос. объективный, существующий независимо от нас

    external world - внешний /объективно существующий/ мир

    6. учащийся или изучаемый экстерном

    an external degree - диплом /степень бакалавра/ полученный /-ая/ экстерном

    НБАРС > external

  • 8 external

    1. adjective
    1) наружный, внешний; for external use only только для наружного употребления; external ear anat. наружное ухо
    2) находящийся, лежащий вне, за пределами (чего-л.); external force внешняя сила; external reality объективное существование мира вне нас; external evidence объективные показания или данные; external world внешний мир, мир вне нас
    3) (чисто) внешний, несущественный; external circumstances обстоятельства, не имеющие существенного значения
    4) иностранный, внешний (о политике, торговле)
    2. noun
    (pl.)
    1) внешность; внешнее, несущественное; to judge by externals судить по внешности
    2) внешние обстоятельства
    * * *
    (a) внешний
    * * *
    внешний, наружный
    * * *
    [ex'ter·nal || -nl] adj. внешний, наружный; иностранный, посторонний; сдающий экзамены экстерном
    * * *
    внешнее
    внешний
    внешняя
    иностранный
    наружная
    наружное
    наружный
    * * *
    1. прил. 1) а) внешний б) анат. выходящий или находящийся на внешней поверхности тела (об органе тела) в) мед. внешний 2) выходящий за пределы чего-л., находящийся за пределами чего-л. 2. сущ.; мн. 1) внешность, внешний вид; облик 2) а) внешняя сторона дела б) превходящие обстоятельства

    Новый англо-русский словарь > external

  • 9 external

    external [ɪk'stɜ:nəl]
    (events, relations, trade, wall, reality) extérieur; (injury) externe; (interference, pressure) du dehors, de l'extérieur; Computing externe;
    Pharmacy for external use only (on packaging) à usage externe uniquement
    2 noun
    (usu pl) externals extérieur m, formes fpl extérieures, dehors mpl;
    to judge by externals juger les choses selon les apparences
    ►► Banking external account compte m d'étranger, French Canadian compte m de non-résident;
    Finance external audit audit m externe;
    Finance external auditing vérification f externe, audit m externe;
    Finance external auditor audit ou auditeur(trice) m,f externe;
    Finance external deficit déficit m extérieur;
    University external degree = diplôme obtenu en examen final, sans que l'étudiant ait assisté aux cours;
    Computing external device dispositif m externe, périphérique m;
    Computing external drive unité f (de disque) externe;
    Anatomy external ear oreille f externe;
    University external examiner examinateur(trice) m,f venant de l'extérieur;
    Finance external financing financement m externe, fonds mpl extérieurs;
    Computing external modem modem m externe;
    external pressure (on person) pression f de l'extérieur; (on device) pression f extérieure ou du dehors;
    University external student = étudiant qui passe un examen dans un établissement où il n'a pas étudié

    Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > external

  • 10 external

    external [ɪkˈstɜ:nl]
    "for external use only" « à usage externe »
    * * *
    [ɪk'stɜːnl]
    1) ( outer) [appearance, reality] extérieur (to à); [surface, injury] externe

    ‘for external use only’ — ‘usage externe’

    2) ( from outside) [examiner] externe; [influence, mail, call] extérieur
    3) ( foreign) extérieur
    4) Computing externe

    English-French dictionary > external

  • 11 external

    1 ( outer) [appearance, world, object, reality] extérieur (to à) ; [surface, injury] externe ; ‘for external use only’ ‘usage externe’ ;
    2 ( from outside) [auditor, examiner] externe ; [student] inscrit dans un autre établissement ; [examination] ouvert à des étudiants inscrits dans d'autres établissements ; [source, force, influence, mail, call] extérieur ;
    3 ( foreign) [affairs, trade, debt] extérieur ;
    4 Comput externe.

    Big English-French dictionary > external

  • 12 external

    adjective
    1) äußer...; Außen[fläche, -druck, -winkel, -abmessungen]

    purely externalnur od. rein äußerlich

    2) (applied to outside) äußerlich [Heilmittel]
    3) (of foreign affairs) Außen[minister, -handel, -politik]
    * * *
    [ik'stə:nl]
    (of, for, from, or on, the outside: Chemists often label skin creams `For external use only'.) äußerlich
    - academic.ru/25936/externally">externally
    * * *
    ex·ter·nal
    [ɪkˈstɜ:nəl, ekˈ-, AM -ˈstɜ:r-]
    adj inv
    1. (exterior) äußerlich; angle, pressure, world Außen-
    to be \external to sth außerhalb einer S. gen liegen
    \external appearance Aussehen nt
    \external calm/similarity äußerliche Ruhe/Ähnlichkeit
    2. COMM (outside of company)
    \external growth externes Wachstum
    3. (from the outside) äußere(r, s), von außen nach n, extern geh
    4. (on body surface) äußerlich
    \external injury äußer[lich]e Verletzung
    for \external use only PHARM nur zur äußerlichen Anwendung
    5. (foreign) ausländisch, auswärtig, Außen-
    \external affairs auswärtige Angelegenheiten, Außenpolitik f
    \external exchange ECON Devisenkurs m
    \external relations auswärtige Beziehungen, Auslandsbeziehungen pl
    6. UNIV per Fernstudium nach n
    \external degree Abschluss m eines Fernstudiums
    7. ECON
    \external auditing außerbetriebliche Revision
    8. COMPUT extern, außerhalb
    \external device Hardwareteil m; (device allowing communications) Peripheriegerät nt
    \external disk drive externes Plattenlaufwerk
    \external memory Speicher m
    \external modem externes Modem
    \external storage [or store] Zubringerspeicher m
    * * *
    [ek'stɜːnl]
    1. adj
    1) (= outer) layer, covering, similarity etc äußere(r, s); dimensions, angle, diameter Außen-; injury äußerlich; gills außen liegend

    the external walls of the housedie Außenwände des Hauses

    2) (fig: from outside) influence, factor, event, reality äußere(r, s), extern (geh)

    reasons both internal and external to the company — Ursachen, die sowohl innerhalb als auch außerhalb des Unternehmens zu finden sind

    3) (= foreign) affairs, relations, policy auswärtig

    the European commissioner for external affairs —

    MI6, the external security service — MI6, der militärische Abschirmdienst

    4) (= independent) examiner, auditor, assessor, evaluator extern
    3. pl (form)
    Äußerlichkeiten pl
    * * *
    external [ekˈstɜːnl; US ekˈstɜrnl]
    A adj (adv externally)
    1. äußer(er, e, es), äußerlich, Außen…:
    external aerial (bes US antenna)(, RADIO, TV) Außenantenne f;
    external angle MATH Außenwinkel m;
    external ballistics pl (meist als sg konstruiert) äußere Ballistik;
    external ear ANAT äußeres Ohr;
    external evidence JUR Beweis, der nicht aus der Urkunde selbst hervorgeht;
    external fertilization MED Befruchtung f außerhalb des Mutterleibs;
    external remedy äußerliches (Heil)Mittel;
    for external use MED zum äußerlichen Gebrauch, äußerlich;
    external to außerhalb (gen)
    2. von außen (ein)wirkend oder kommend
    3. a) (äußerlich) wahrnehmbar, sichtbar
    b) PHIL Erscheinungs…:
    4. (rein) äußerlich, (nur) oberflächlich
    5. WIRTSCH, POL ausländisch, Außen…:
    external affairs POL auswärtige Angelegenheiten;
    external assets pl Auslandsvermögen n;
    external debt auswärtige Schuld;
    external loan Auslandskredit m;
    external trade Außenhandel m
    6. WIRTSCH außerbetrieblich, Fremd…: auditing
    7. external student UNIV Fernstudent(in)
    B s
    1. meist pl (das) Äußere
    2. pl Äußerlichkeiten pl
    ext. abk
    2. external (externally)
    * * *
    adjective
    1) äußer...; Außen[fläche, -druck, -winkel, -abmessungen]

    purely externalnur od. rein äußerlich

    2) (applied to outside) äußerlich [Heilmittel]
    3) (of foreign affairs) Außen[minister, -handel, -politik]
    * * *
    adj.
    Außen- präfix.
    außen adj.
    extern adj.
    äußerlich adj.

    English-german dictionary > external

  • 13 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    \
    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
    \
    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
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    832. Strachey, J. (1962) The emergence of Freud's fundamental hypothesis. SE, 3.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 14 объективная реальность

    2) Philosophy: objective reality
    3) Psychology: objective reality (действительность), objective reality level
    4) Advertising: objectivity

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > объективная реальность

  • 15 ydre

    appearance, exterior, façade, outer, outward
    * * *
    I. (et) outside,
    ( også om persons) appearance,
    F exterior;
    (se også fordelagtig & udseende).
    II. adj outer ( fx courtyard, harbour, layer, wall, ear), outside (
    fx edge, wheel; qualities, influence), exterior ( fx wall; influence);
    ( rent ydre) external ( fx injuries, ear; conditions; external reality); outward ( fx circumstances, resemblance);
    ( udenrigsk) external ( fx enemies);
    [ dømme efter det ydre] judge by appearances;
    (edb) peripheral units, peripherals;
    [ ydre mission] the Foreign Missions pl;
    [ det ydre rum] outer space;
    [ydre ting pl] externals;
    [ den ydre verden] the outer (el. outside) world.

    Danish-English dictionary > ydre

  • 16 объективное существование мира вне нас

    General subject: external reality

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > объективное существование мира вне нас

  • 17 τυγχάνω

    τυγχάνω, Thgn.253, Pi.P.3.104, O.2.47, etc.: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.
    A

    τύγχανον Od.14.231

    , ([etym.] παρετ-) Il.11.74: [tense] fut.

    τεύξομαι 16.609

    , Od.19.314, Ar.Eq. 112, Lys.18.23 (also as [tense] fut. [voice] Med. of τεύχω): [tense] aor. 2 ἔτῠχον, [dialect] Ep. τύχον, Il.5.287, 587, etc.; [dialect] Ep. subj. τύχωμι, -ῃσι, 7.243, 11.116; later also τετύχῃσι, Max.577; late [dialect] Ep. opt.

    τετύχοιμι Man.3.299

    : [dialect] Ep. also [tense] aor. 1

    ἐτύχησα Il.15.581

    , al., Hes.Fr.15: [tense] pf. τετύχηκα (intr.) Od.10.88 (part. τετυχηκώς, v.l. τετυχηώς. Il.17.748), Th. 1.32, (trans.) X.Cyr.4.1.2, Isoc.3.59; later also τέτευχα, D.21.150 (cod. S), Arist.EN 1119a10, PA 647b15, freq. later, PEnteux.6.7 (iii B. C.), UPZ123.30 (ii B. C.), PStrassb.98.10 (ii B. C.), Inscr.Prien.108.287 (ii B. C.), etc.; [dialect] Dor. [tense] pf. inf.

    τετεύχεν SIG398.5

    (Cos, iii B. C.); but [dialect] Ion. [tense] plpf.

    ἐτετεύχεε Hdt.3.14

    ; τέτυχα v.l. in Ep.Hebr.8.6, v.l. in J.BJ7.5.4, ([etym.] συν- ) Aristeas 180, etc.; part.

    τετυχώς Jahresh.29

    Beibl. 163 (Stara Zagora):—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. 1

    τεύξασθαι LXX2 Ma.15.7

    :— [voice] Pass., [tense] impf.

    ἐτυγχάνετο Ant.Lib.39.3

    (dub.): elsewh. in compds, [tense] aor. 1 ἐτεύχθην ([etym.] ἐν-) Plb.35.6.1: [tense] pf. τέτευγμαι ([etym.] ἐπι-) Id.6.53.2.
    2 of events, and things generally, happen to one, befall one, come to one's lot, c. dat. pers., οὔνεκά μοι τύχε πολλά because much fell to me, Il.11.684;

    καί μοι μάλα τύγχανε πολλά Od.14.231

    ;

    θέλοιμ' ἂν ὡς πλείστοισι πημονὰς τυχεῖν A.Pr. 348

    , cf. Pers. 706 (troch.);

    οἷ' αὐτοῖς τύχοι S.Ph. 275

    ;

    εἴ τι δεσπόταισι τυγχάνει E.Alc. 138

    : abs.,

    εἰ δ' αὖθ', ὃ μὴ γένοιτο, συμφορὰ τύχοι A.Th.5

    , cf. Ag. 347, etc.;

    ἄριστα πρὸς τὸ τυγχάνον E.Hel. 1290

    , cf. Ion 1511.
    b [tense] aor. part. ὁ τυχών, the first one meets, any chance person, Hes.Th. 973, Pl.R. 539d, etc.;

    οἱ τ.

    everyday men, the vulgar,

    X.Mem.3.9.10

    , etc.;

    εἷς ἦν τῶν τ. Isoc.10.21

    ; οὐχ ὁ τ. ἀνήρ, of Moses, Longin.9.9: so of things, τὸ τυχόν any chance result, Pl.Ti. 46e;

    ὃν ἐξαλείφει πρόφασις ἡ τυχοῦσ' ὅλον E.Fr. 1041

    ; οὐχ ὁ τ. λόγος no common discourse, Pl.Lg. 723e;

    σύνεσιν οὐ τὰν τυχοῦσαν Archim.

    Spir.Praef.; οἱ τ. φόβοι trifling fears, Lycurg.37; καίπερ τὸ τ. καταβαλοῦσιν though they may have paid a trifling sum, Str.5.2.7:—Math., τυχὸν σημεῖον any point (at random), Euc.1.5, cf. 6.9; ἄλλα, ἃ ἔτυχεν, ἰσάκις πολλαπλάσια any other equimultiples taken at random, Id.5.4.
    3 in [ per.] 3sg. [tense] aor. or [tense] impf., impers. (sts. also pers.) in relat. clauses, as (when, where, etc.) it (he, she, etc.) happened (may happen, etc.), i. e. anyhow, at any time, place, etc., καὶ ἀρχομένοις καὶ μεσοῦσι καὶ ὅπως ἔτυχέ τῳ at the beginning, middle, or any other point, Th.5.20; ὡς ἔτυχε ζημιοῦσθαι to be penalized just anyhow, X.Mem.3.9.13; οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν in no ordinary manner, Men. Sam.79, BMus.Inscr.4.481*.340 (Ephesus, ii A. D.); τὴν μὲν δικαίαν, τὴν δ' ὅπως ἐτύγχανεν just anyhow, E.Hipp. 929; ἀποτετμάσθω δύο τμάματα ὡς ἔτυχεν let two segments be cut off at random, Archim. Con.Sph.24;

    χώρᾳ γ' ἐν ᾗ ἔτυχε X.Oec.3.3

    ;

    ὅπου ἔτυχεν Id.Cyr.8.4.3

    ;

    ὅπου ἂν τύχῃ Pl.Prt. 242e

    ;

    ὁπότε τύχοι

    sometimes,

    Pl.Phd. 89b

    ;

    ὅταν τύχῃ

    sometimes,

    E.El. 1169

    (lyr.); but, at any odd time, Th.1.142;

    ἡνίκ' ἂν τ. D.1.3

    ; ἂν τύχῃ, εἰ τύχοι, it may be, Pl.Cra. 430e, Hp.Mi. 367a;

    τὸ δέ, εἰ ἔτυχεν, οὐχ οὕτως ἔχει Id.Cra. 439c

    ;

    εἰ οὕτως ἔτυχεν Arist.Cat. 8b12

    ;

    τὸ ὅπῃ ἔτυχεν

    mere chance,

    Pl.Phlb. 28d

    : with attraction of the relat. Pron.,

    τὸ οἷς ἔτυχε προσκρούειν Plu.Cic.27

    ;

    ὡμίλει ᾧ τύχοι Plb.26.1.3

    ;

    ὧν ἔτυχε πιμπλάμενος Luc.Vit.Auct.9

    ; οὐδὲ γὰρ ὧν ἔτυχ' ἦν they were not just any acts, D.18.130.
    b c. acc. et inf.,

    ἔτυχε ὄμβρον συνεργῆσαι Plu.Alc.28

    , cf. Ael.NA5.6; ἔτυχεν ὥστε .. D.C.39.12.
    4 sts. the Verb agrees in person and number with the subject of the principal clause, perhaps by assimilation, ἀπαίροντες ἀπὸ τῆς Πελοποννήσου ὁπόθεν τύχοιεν, for ὁπόθεν τύχοι, Th.4.26, cf. 93, 5.56, 7.70, Pl.Tht. 179c; ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο λέγουσι they say just anything, Id.Prt. 353a;

    ὅ τι ἂν τύχωσι, τοῦτο πράξουτιν Id.Cri. 45d

    , cf. Grg. 522c, Smp. 181b;

    ἀναφύονται ὁπόθεν ἂν τύχῃ ἕκαστος Id.Tht. 180c

    ;

    ὡς ἐτύγχανον ἕκαστοι, ηὐλίζοντο X.An.2.2.17

    , cf. 3.1.3;

    τάχ' ἄν, εἰ τύχοιεν, σωφρονέστεροι γένοιντο D.15.16

    ;

    δουλεύειν μᾶλλον ἢ μεθ' ὁποτέρου ἂν τύχωσι τούτων ἐλευθέρους εἶναι Th.8.48

    ; πρὸς ὀργὴν ἥν τινα τύχητε ἔστιν ὅτε σφαλέντες τὴν τοῦ πείσαντος μίαν γνώμην ζημιοῦτε yielding to the impulse of the moment, Id.3.43;

    εἶτ' οὐκ ἐλήρουν ὅ τι τύχοιμ' Ar.

    Ra. 945: with attraction of the relat. Pron.,

    οὓς ἂν τύχῃς ἐπαινῶν Isoc.12.206

    .
    5 neut. part. τυχόν, used abs. like ἐξόν, παρόν, etc., since it so befell,

    οὕτως τ. Luc.Symp.43

    .
    b as Adv., perchance, perhaps, Isoc.4.171, X.An.6.1.20, Pl.Alc.2.140a, 150c, D.18.221, 21.41, Men.Pk. 184, 1 Ep.Cor.16.6;

    τ. ἴσως Epich.277

    , E.Fr.953.9, Men. Epit. 287, Plb.2.58.9; τυχὸν μὲν.., τυχὸν δὲ .. Arr.An.1.10.6, etc.
    II joined with the part. of another Verb to express a coincidence, τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς a ship happened to be, i. e. was just then, starting, Od.14.334;

    ξεῖνος ἐὼν ἐτύχησε παρ' ἱπποδάμοισι Γερηνοῖς Hes.Fr.15.3

    , cf. Semon.7.19, Pi.N.1.49;

    πρυτανεία ἣ ἂν τυγχάνῃ πρυτανεύουσα IG12.63.27

    , cf. 52; τὰ νοέων τυγχάνω what I happen to have, i.e. have at this moment, in my mind, Hdt. 1.88, cf. 8.65,68.

    ά; ἐτετεύχεε ἐπισπόμενος Id.3.14

    ; ὃ τυγχάνω μαθών which I have just learnt, S.Tr. 370; παρὼν ἐτύγχανον I was by just then, Id.Aj. 748; τυγχάνει καθεύδων he is sleeping just now, Ar.V. 336 (troch.); ἔτυχον στρατευόμενοι they were just then engaged in an expedition, Th.1.104; ἔτυχε κατὰ τοῦτο καιροῦ ἐλθών he came just at this point of time, Id.7.2; ἥτις δέ τοι μάλιστα σωφρονεῖν δοκεῖ, αὕτη μέγιστα τυγχάνει λωβωμένη she is just the one who.., Semon.7.109; but freq. τυγχάνω cannot be translated at all, esp. in phrase τυγχάνω ὤν, which is simply = εἰμί, S.Aj.88, Ar.Pl.35, Pl.Prt. 313c, etc.
    2 the part. ὤν is sts. omitted,

    ὁ γὰρ μέγιστος τυγχάνει δορυξένων S.El.46

    ; εἴ σοι χαρτὰ τυγχάνει τάδε ib. 1457; νῦν δ' ἀγροῖσι τυγχάνει ib. 313;

    ἔνδον γὰρ ἄρτι τυγχάνει Id.Aj.9

    ;

    εἴ τις εὔνους τυγχάνει Ar.Ec. 1141

    ;

    εἰ σὺ τυγχάνεις ἐπιστήμων τούτων Pl.Prt. 313e

    , cf. Grg. 502b, R. 369b, al.: sts. τυγχάνειν is used much like εἶναι, Σωτὴρ γένοιτ' ἂν Ζεὺς ἐπ' ἀσπίδος τυχών A.Th. 520; οὐκ ἀποδάμου τυχόντος not being absent, Pi.P.4.5 (cf. τόσσαις)

    ; ποῦ χρὴ τηνικαῦτα τυγχάνειν; E.IA 730

    ; τ. ἐν ἐμπύροις to be engaged in.., Id.Andr. 1113; freq. in Arist.,

    δύο μέρη τετύχηκεν ἐξ ὧν ἡ πόλις Pol. 1318a31

    , cf. 1289b16, Top. 151b11; also in later Gr.,

    τὰ ἑπτάμηνα γόνιμα τυγχάνειν Sor.1.55

    , cf. 69, al.;

    νέος πάνυ τυγχάνων PLips. 40 ii 7

    (iv A. D.), etc.:—Phryn.244 rejects this usage in Attic.
    b τυγχάνον, = τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον, the external reality, e. g. αὐτὸς ὁ Δίων as distd. both from the word ([etym.] φωνή) Δίων and its meaning, Stoic.2.48.
    c τὰ πράγματα τυγχάνοντα καλοῦσι (sc. οἱ Στωϊκοί) , τέλος γὰρ τὸ τυχεῖν τούτων, ib.77.
    3 later c. inf., τυγχάνομεν ἐπιδεδωκέναι we happen to have handed in.., we have just handed in.., PTeb.796.13 (ii B. C.), cf. PSI10.1118.8 (i A. D.), 1.39.4 (ii A. D.), Heliod. et Antyll. ap. Orib.44.8.21, 25, 44.23.21, Gal. 18(2).394.
    B gain one's end or purpose, succeed,

    οὐκ ἐτύχησεν ἑλίξας Il. 23.466

    ;

    εἰ τύχῃ τις ἔρδων Pi.N.7.11

    , cf. 55; τὸ τυχεῖν, = νίκη, Id.O.2.51;

    πείθειν.. τυγχάνειν θ' ἅμα E.Hec. 819

    ;

    εἰ τύχοιμεν Th.4.63

    ; τυχόντες if successful, opp. σφαλέντες, Id.3.39, cf. 82, Pi.P.10.62;

    τυγχάνουσι καὶ ἀποτυγχάνουσι Arist.Po. 1450a3

    ;

    ὀρθῶς πράττειν καὶ τ. Pl.Euthd. 280a

    ; gain one's request, Hdt.1.213 (so τυχόντα γνώμης in Th.3.42); in speaking, to be right,

    τί νιν καλοῦσα.. τύχοιμ' ἄν; A.Ag. 1233

    , cf. Ch.14, 317 (lyr.), S.Ph. 223, OC 1580;

    Δίκαν νιν προσαγορεύομεν τυχόντες καλῶς A.Ch. 950

    (lyr.):—[voice] Pass., impers., αὐτῷ πρὸς τὸ ἔργον οὐδὲν ἐτυγχάνετο nothing went right, dub. in Ant.Lib. 39.3:—in part. τυχήσας or τυχών, combined with νύξε, βάλε, οὖτα, etc., pierce, wound, etc., successfully, so that the whole phrase means hit,

    ἔγχεϊ νύξε κατὰ κληῗδα τυχήσας Il.5.579

    , cf. 858, 12.394; βάλε δουρὶ κατὰ ζωστῆρα τυχήσας ib. 189;

    ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τυχήσας βεβλήκει 4.106

    , cf. 5.98, 582, 13.371, 397, Od.19.452, al.; also conversely,

    θηρητὴρ ἐτύχησε βαλών Il.15.581

    ;

    βαλὼν τύχω Hdt.3.35

    ; also apart from such combinations, hit, c. gen.,

    προβιβάντος Il.16.609

    ;

    μηρίνθοιο 23.857

    ;

    τ. τοῦ σκοποῦ Pl.Lg. 717b

    , cf. R. 523b, Th.2.35, X.An.3.2.19, Ap.1: c. dupl. gen.,

    εἰ.. τοῦ παιδὸς.. τύχω μέσης τῆς καρδίης Hdt. 3.35

    : abs.,

    ἤμβροτες οὐδ' ἔτυχες Il.5.287

    ;

    αἰ κε τύχωμι 7.243

    , Od.22.7.
    II hit upon, light upon:
    1 meet, fall in with persons, Αακεδαίμονι.. τυχήσας having met [him] in Lacedaemon, Od.21.13: c. gen.,

    θρηνητοῦ A.Ag. 1075

    ; τριακτῆρος ib. 172 (lyr.);

    ἀγαθῶν ἀνδρῶν Lys.2.5

    ;

    γυναικῶν X.Smp.9.7

    : with a predicate added,

    μή τευ μελαμπύγου τύχῃς Archil.110

    ;

    προφρόνων Μοισᾶν τ. Pi.I.4(3).43(61)

    ;

    θεῶν ἀμεινόνων τ. E.Heracl. 351

    ;

    ἐμοῦ.. οἰκητοῦ S.OT 1450

    , cf. 677;

    ἡμῶν τ. οἵων σε χρή E.Hel. 1300

    , cf. Lys.18.23;

    ἐρωτᾶτε αὐτοὺς ὁποίων τινῶν ἡμῶν ἔτυχον X.An.5.5.15

    ;

    τοῦ δαίμονος.. κακοδαίμονος Ar.Eq. 112

    .
    2 light on a thing,

    τύχε γάρ ἀμάθοιο βαθείης Il.5.587

    ; attain, obtain a thing, c. gen.,

    πομπῆς καὶ νόστοιο Od.6.290

    ;

    αἰδοῦς Thgn.253

    , cf. 256; [ οἴκτου] A.Pr. 241;

    ξυγγνώμης Th.7.15

    ;

    τῆς ἀξίας Ar.Av. 1223

    ; of meeting with misfortunes, βίης τυχεῖν meet with, suffer violence, Hdt.9.108; τραυμάτων, κακῶν, A.Ag. 866, E.Hec. 1280; δίκης, κρίσεως, Pl.Grg. 472d, Phdr. 249a, cf. Lg. 869b: abs., have the lot or fate,

    ἄλλος μὲν ἀποφθίσθω ἄλλος δὲ βιώτω, ὅς κε τύχῃ Il.8.430

    ;

    τὴν παρὰ Δαρείου αἰτήσας ἔτυχε μισθόν Hdt.5.23

    (where τὴν is governed by αἰτήσας).
    b after Hom. also c. acc. of neut. Adj. or Pron.,

    τὰ πρόσφορα A.Ch. 711

    , cf. Eu.30, S.OC 1106, Ph. 509 (lyr.), E.Med. 758, Hec.51: later the acc. is used more freely,

    τ. ἐπίστασιν Sammelb.5235.15

    (i A. D.);

    ὑπογραφήν BGU615.23

    (ii A. D.);

    βοήθειαν PGoodsp.Cair.15.14

    (iv A. D.);

    εὐκαιρίαν PSI9.1082.5

    (iv A. D.);

    τὰ γυναίκια δεσμὸν οὐδένα βούλεται τυγχάνειν Sor.1.70b

    .
    c after either case a gen. pers. may be added, obtain a thing from a person,

    ὧν δέ σου τυχεῖν ἐφίεμαι S.Ph. 1315

    ;

    σου τοῦτο τ. Id.OC 1168

    ; or the pers. may be added with a Prep.,

    τ. ἐπαίνου ἔκ τινος Id.Ant. 665

    ;

    παρὰ σεῖο τ. φιλότητος Od.15.158

    ;

    τιμίαν ἕδραν παρ' ἀνδρῶν A.Eu. 856

    (dub.);

    αἰδοῦς ὑπό τινος X.Cyr.1.6.10

    , cf. Mem.4.8.10, etc.: abs.,

    χρὴ πρὸς μακάρων τυγχάνοντ' εὖ πασχέμεν Pi.P.3.104

    .
    d c. inf.,

    οἶμαί σου τεύξεσθαι μεθεῖναί με Pl.Phlb. 50d

    ;

    ἐὰν ψαῦσαι τοῦ νεκροῦ τύχωμεν Plu.Pel.33

    ; οὐ τυχὼν ἐπιδείξειν ( = ἐπιδεῖξαι ) not having succeeded in proving, PPetr.3p.153 (iii B. C.). (Τυ-γ-χ-άνω, with ἐτύχησα, τετύχηκα, is formed from the [tense] aor. τυχ-εῖν, which was orig. the [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. (with act. form) of τεύχω 'make'; ἔτυχε = factum est, as ἔτραφον = I was nourished (v. τρέφω); senses A.1.1-3 are the oldest and are parallel to

    τεύχω 11

    (esp.[voice] Pass.); many of the forms belong equally to both verbs; τιτύσκομαι like wise belongs to both verbs; τ (ε) υχ- from Θ (ε) υχ-, cf. ἀποθύσκειν, ἐνθύσκει, συνθύξω, and perh. Germ. taugen 'to be capable, useful', Engl. dow, doughty.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τυγχάνω

  • 18 ὑπόκειμαι

    ὑπόκειμαι, used as [voice] Pass. of ὑποτίθημι, [tense] fut. ὑποκείσομαι Pi.O.1.85, etc., but [tense] aor. ὑπετέθην:—
    A lie under,

    ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα κεῖται Il.21.364

    ;

    θεμέλιοι ὑ. Th.1.93

    ;

    τὸν μηρὸν ὑποκείμενον ἔχειν Arist.IA 712b32

    , cf. PA 686a13, 689b18: c. dat.,

    τοιαύτης τῆς κρηπῖδος ὑποκειμένης ταῖς πολιτείαις Pl.Plt. 301e

    : τὰ ὑποκείμενα, opp. τὰ ὑπερκείμενα, Sor.1.8.
    2 of places, lie close to,

    ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑπὸ τὴν Ἀττικήν Isoc. 4.108

    ;

    ὑ. τὸ πεδίον τῷ ἱερῷ Aeschin.3.118

    ;

    λόφος ὑποκείμενος τοῖς Σιννάκοις Plu.Crass.29

    ;

    τὸ τὴν οἰκουμένην ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τοῦτον τὸν τόπον Arist.Mete. 364a7

    , cf.Pr. 941b39;

    <τὰ> πρὸς βορρᾶν καὶ ἄρκτον ὑποκείμενα μέρη τῶν ὀρέων Gp.2.5.1

    ; τὰ ὑποκείμενα ἐδάφη the adjacent soil, D.S.3.50; ἡ-κειμένη χώρα the adjacent country, ibid. (but, the adjacent low lands, Id.2.37, Plu.Sert.17);

    ὄρος ὑπόκειται Plb.5.59.4

    codd. ( ἐπίκ- Schweigh.);

    ὁ ὑποκείμενος ποταμός Id.3.74.2

    ; ὑποκεῖσθαι πρὸς τὴν ο?ὑπόκειμαιXψιν to be presented to the sight, Demetr.Lac.Herc.1013.17.
    3 to be given below in the text,

    κατὰ τὴν.. συγγραφήν, ἧς τὸ ἀντίγραφον ὑπόκειται PCair.Zen.355.122

    (iii B. C.); γράψον.. τοὺς χαρακτῆρας ὡς ὑπόκειται as below, PMag.Par.1.408; λέγε τὸν λόγον τὸν ὑποκείμενον ib.230; ὡς ὑπόκειται as below, Sammelb.5231.11 (i A. D.), etc.; also, as set forth, PKlein.Form.78 (v/vi A. D.).
    II in various metaph. senses,
    1 to be established, set before one (by oneself or another) as an aim or principle, ἐμοὶ μὲν οὗτος ἄεθλος ὑποκείσεται shall be my appointed task, Pi. l. c.; δυοῖν ὑποκειμένοιν ὀνομάτοιν two phrases being prescribed, having legal sanction, D.23.36; ὑπόκειται πρῶτον μὲν διωμοσία, δεύτερον δὲ λόγος the prescribed course is.., ib.71; μένειν ἐπὶ τῶν ὑποκειμένων to abide by one's resolves, Plb.1.19.6, 2.51.1;

    μένειν ἐπὶ τῆς ὑ. γνώμης Id.1.40.5

    ; ἐμοὶ ὑπόκειται ὅτι .. for me it is a fixed principle that.., Hdt.2.123, cf. Arist.Oec. 1343b9;

    νομίζω συμφέρειν.. τοῦθ' ὑποκεῖσθαι D.14.3

    ; τῶν πραγμάτων ἐν οἷς τὰ ὑποκείμενα διαφέρει τῷ εἴδει things of which the principles differ in kind, Arist.Pol. 1275a35; τὰς ὑποκειμένας μοίρας τξ the conventional 3600, Ptol.Alm.5.1.
    2 to be assumed as a hypothesis (cf.

    ὑπόθεσις 111

    ), Pl.Cra. 436d, al.; ὑπέκειτο μὴ οἷόν τε εἶναι .. Id.Erx. 404b;

    τούτων ὑποκειμένων Id.Prt. 359a

    , R. 478e; τὴν ἐκ τῶν -κειμένων ἀρίστην [πολιτείαν] the best (possible) in the circumstances, opp. to τὴν κρατίστην ἁπλῶς and to τὴν ἐξ ὑποθέσεως, Arist. Pol. 1288b26;

    ὑποκείσθω τι

    let it be taken for granted,

    Id.EN 1103b32

    , cf. 1129a11, al., Gal.15.175; ὑποκείσθω ὅτι .. let it be taken for granted that.., Arist.Pol. 1323b40;

    ὑ. εἶναι τὴν ἡδονὴν κίνησιν Id.Rh. 1369b33

    : so with a nom., ὑ. ἡ ἀρετὴ εἶναι .. Id.EN 1104b27, cf. Rh. 1357a11: c. part.,

    τοιόνδε ζῷον ὑ. ὄν Id.GA 778b17

    : without any Verb, ἡ τοῦ δέρματος φύσις ὑ. γεώδης (sc. εἶναι or οὖσα) ib. 782a29, etc.: cf. ὑποτίθημι IV. 1.
    4 to be in prospect,

    ἐλπὶς ὑπόκειται σφαλεῖσι κἂν αὐτοὺς διασῴζεσθαι Th.3.84

    ;

    αἱ ὑποκείμεναι προσδοκίαι καὶ αἱ ἐλπίδες D.19.24

    ; παρ' ὑμῖν ὀργὴ μεγάλη καὶ τιμωρία ὑπόκειται τοῖς τὰ ψευδῆ μαρτυροῦσι is reserved for them, Id.34.19, cf. Lycurg.130; δυοῖν κινδύνοιν -κειμένοιν ibid.;

    ὁρᾶν τὸν θάνατον ὑποκείμενον PPetr.3p.73

    (iii B. C.);

    φόβου ὑποκειμένου ὅτι οἴσει τι βέβαιον παρὰ σοῦ PSI4.380.3

    (iii B. C.);

    τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς μηθὲν ἀσεβὲς ἐπιτελεσαμένοις κατὰ τοὺς τοῦ πολέμου νόμους ὑπόκειται παθεῖν Plb.2.58.10

    .
    5 to be subject to, submit to,

    τῷ ἄρχοντι Pl.Grg. 510c

    ;

    βασιλεῖ Philostr. VA3.20

    ;

    πατράσιν POxy. 237 vii 16

    (ii A. D.);

    ἐξετάσεσιν PFlor.33.14

    (iv A. D.);

    βασάνοις POxy.58.25

    (iii A. D.): abs., pay court to one,

    ὑποκείσονται δεόμενοι καὶ τιμῶντες Pl.R. 494c

    ; τῷ λόγῳ to be captivated by the story, Philostr.VA6.14;

    θρῆνοι -κείμενοι

    subdued,

    Id.VS2.4.2

    .
    6 to be subject to, liable to a penalty, Supp.Epigr.6.424, cf. 415,421, al. ([place name] Iconium), PLond.1.77.53 (vi A. D.): also c. acc.,

    ὑποκείσεται τῷ φίσκῳ δηνάρια πεντακόσια Rev.Phil.36.61

    ([place name] Iconium).
    7 to be pledged or mortgaged, c. gen., for a certain sum, Is.6.33, D.49.11,35;

    ναῦς ὑποκειμένη ἡμῖν Id.56.4

    ; τὰ ὑποκείμενα the articles pledged, Syngr. ap.D.35.12; the mortgaged property, SIG1044.28 (Halic., iv/iii B. C.);

    ἐνέχυρα-κείμενα IG12(7).58

    ([place name] Amorgos); ὑποκείμενοι, of slaves pledged for a sum of money, D.27.9.
    b of payments, to have been granted or allocated, ἀποφαίνουσιν ὑποκεῖσθαι ἐν τῇ γραφῇ τῶν εἰς τὰ ἱερὰ (sc. ὑποκειμένων)

    δίδοσθαι κτλ. UPZ21.4

    (ii B. C.), cf. 23.21 (ii B. C.), BGU 1197.4, 1200.28 (both i B. C.): Subst. ὑποκείμενα, τά, = φιλάνθρωπα, salary ( ear-marked proceeds of taxes),

    τὰ ἐπιβάλλοντά μοι ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ ὑ. PLond.2.357.9

    , cf. 5 (i A. D.);

    ὑ. αἰτεῖ ἀπὸ τῶν κωμῶν BGU23.12

    (ii/iii A. D.), cf. OGI665.19,26 (Egypt, i A. D.): c. dat., as part of name of specific taxes,

    ὑ. βασιλικῇ γραμματείᾳ

    ear-marked for the benefit of..,

    PPar.17.22

    (ii A. D.);

    ὑ. τοπογραμματείᾳ PSI1.101.18

    (ii A. D.), cf. POxy.1436.23 (ii A. D.), etc.: also in sg.,

    ὑποκείμενον ἐπιστρατηγία BGU 199.14

    (ii A. D.), cf. PFlor.375.22 (ii A. D.), etc.: also c. gen.,

    ὑ. ἐννομίου PRyl.213.72

    , al. (ii A. D.); τοπαρχίας ib.73, etc.
    8 in Philosophy, to underlie, as the foundation in which something else inheres, to be implied or presupposed by something else,

    ἑκάστῳ τῶν ὀνομάτων.. ὑ. τις ἴδιος οὐσία Pl.Prt. 349b

    , cf. Cra. 422d, R. 581c, Ti.Locr.97e: τὸ ὑποκείμενον has three main applications: (1) to the matter which underlies the form, opp. εἶδος, ἐντελέχεια, Arist.Metaph. 983a30; (2) to the substance (matter + form) which underlies the accidents, opp. πάθη, συμβεβηκότα, Id.Cat. 1a20,27, Metaph. 1037b16, 983b16; (3) to the logical subject to which attributes are ascribed, opp. τὸ κατηγορούμενον, Id.Cat. 1b10,21, Ph. 189a31: applications (1 ) and (2 ) are distinguished in Id.Metaph. 1038b5, 1029a1-5, 1042a26-31: τὸ ὑ. is occasionally used of what underlies or is presupposed in some other way, e. g. of the positive termini presupposed by change, Id.Ph. 225a3-7.
    b exist, τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑποκείμενον the external reality, Stoic.2.48, cf. Epicur.Ep.1pp.12,24 U.;

    φῶς εἶναι τὸ χρῶμα τοῖς ὑ. ἐπιπῖπτον Aristarch.

    Sam. ap. Placit.1.15.5;

    τὸ κρῖνον τί τε φαίνεται μόνον καὶ τί σὺν τῷ φαίνεσθαι ἔτι καὶ κατ' ἀλήθειαν ὑπόκειται S.E.M.7.143

    , cf. 83,90,91, 10.240; = ὑπάρχω, τὰ ὑποκείμενα πράγματα the existing state of affairs, Plb.11.28.2, cf. 11.29.1, 15.8.11,13, 3.31.6, Eun.VSp.474 B.;

    Τίτος ἐξ ὑποκειμένων ἐνίκα, χρώμενος ὁπλις μοῖς καὶ τάξεσιν αἷς παρέλαβε Plu.Comp.Phil.Flam.2

    ;

    τῆς αὐτῆς δυνάμεως ὑποκειμένης Id.2.336b

    ;

    ἐχομένου τοῦ προσιόντος λόγου ὡς πρὸς τὸν ὑποκείμενον A.D.Synt.122.17

    .
    c ὁ ὑ. ἐνιαυτός the year in question, D.S.11.75; οἱ ὑ. καιροί the time in question, Id.16.40, Plb.2.63.6, cf. Plu.Comp.Sol.Publ.4; τοῦ ὑ. μηνός the current month, PTeb.14.14 (ii B. C.), al.; ἐκ τοῦ ὑ. φόρου in return for a reduction from the said rent, PCair.Zen.649.18 (iii B. C.); πρὸς τὸ ὑ. νόει according to the context, Gp.6.11.7.
    9 in logical arrangement, to be subject or subordinate,

    τῇ.. ἰατρικῇ.. ἡ ὀψοποιικὴ.. ὑ. Pl. Grg. 465b

    ;

    ὁ τὴν καθόλου ἐπιστήμην ἔχων οἶδέ πως πάντα τὰ ὑποκείμενα Arist.Metaph. 982a23

    , cf. APo. 91a11;

    ἑκάστη [τέχνη] περὶ τὸ αὐτῇ ὑ. ἐστι διδασκαλική Id.Rh. 1355b28

    .
    b ἡ ὑ. ὕλη the subject-matter of a science or treatise, Id.EN 1094b12, 1098a28, Phld.Po.Herc.1676.3 (pl.); τὸ ὑ. the part affected by a disease, Plb.1.81.6.
    III trans., = ὑποτέθειμαι, I have appended,

    ὧν τὸ καθ' ἓν ὑπόκειμαι PTeb. 140

    (i B. C.); cf. παράκειμαι ([place name] Addenda).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑπόκειμαι

  • 19 en realidad

    actually, in fact
    * * *
    = actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in reality, in truth, to all intents and purposes, in point of fact, in actuality, in a very real sense, in actual practice, in actual fact, for all intents and purposes, for that matter, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in all reality
    Ex. Dr. Richmond actually has had two careers.
    Ex. As a matter of fact, the record of the change is retained in at least the OCLC files and is, I am told, available to libraries.
    Ex. However, one important feature to note about such systems is that many of them do not in fact organise knowledge or retrieve information.
    Ex. In reality the extent of integration for catalogue entries for different media depends on administrative considerations, such as which section of the library is responsible for the compilation of catalogues for the various media.
    Ex. But why had he said he offered to do the work for the superintendent when in truth she had initiated the request?.
    Ex. To all intents and purposes he is unaware of its existence.
    Ex. In point of fact, I am well aware that catalogers, as a group, resist with every cell in their bodies any attempt to erode or degrade or compromise the catalog.
    Ex. In actuality every librarian has a different concept of ephemeral materials.
    Ex. In a very real sense, library administration is only an extension of public administration.
    Ex. The supervisor in actual practice receives information not only from subordinates, but from superiors and from external sources.
    Ex. Despite carefully framed acquistions policy statements regarding fiction in actual fact libraries allocate only a small percentage of their meagre book funds to fiction.
    Ex. In the 20th century, the debate about weeding followed, for all intents and purposes, the contours of the controversy surrounding the Quincy Plan.
    Ex. A machine-readable national data base, or for that matter any catalog, should be capable of existing in time.
    Ex. If the truth be known, most successes are built on a multitude of failures.
    Ex. If the truth be told, both sides of the political spectrum suffer from those who operate on emotions rather than logic.
    Ex. In all truth, it must be said that this howling, hissing, foot-scraping body of young rapscallions found some cause for complaint.
    Ex. In all reality, the power now lies with serious buyers who know they have more room to negotiate when making offers.
    * * *
    = actually, as a matter of fact, in fact, in reality, in truth, to all intents and purposes, in point of fact, in actuality, in a very real sense, in actual practice, in actual fact, for all intents and purposes, for that matter, if the truth be known, if the truth be told, in all truth, in all reality

    Ex: Dr. Richmond actually has had two careers.

    Ex: As a matter of fact, the record of the change is retained in at least the OCLC files and is, I am told, available to libraries.
    Ex: However, one important feature to note about such systems is that many of them do not in fact organise knowledge or retrieve information.
    Ex: In reality the extent of integration for catalogue entries for different media depends on administrative considerations, such as which section of the library is responsible for the compilation of catalogues for the various media.
    Ex: But why had he said he offered to do the work for the superintendent when in truth she had initiated the request?.
    Ex: To all intents and purposes he is unaware of its existence.
    Ex: In point of fact, I am well aware that catalogers, as a group, resist with every cell in their bodies any attempt to erode or degrade or compromise the catalog.
    Ex: In actuality every librarian has a different concept of ephemeral materials.
    Ex: In a very real sense, library administration is only an extension of public administration.
    Ex: The supervisor in actual practice receives information not only from subordinates, but from superiors and from external sources.
    Ex: Despite carefully framed acquistions policy statements regarding fiction in actual fact libraries allocate only a small percentage of their meagre book funds to fiction.
    Ex: In the 20th century, the debate about weeding followed, for all intents and purposes, the contours of the controversy surrounding the Quincy Plan.
    Ex: A machine-readable national data base, or for that matter any catalog, should be capable of existing in time.
    Ex: If the truth be known, most successes are built on a multitude of failures.
    Ex: If the truth be told, both sides of the political spectrum suffer from those who operate on emotions rather than logic.
    Ex: In all truth, it must be said that this howling, hissing, foot-scraping body of young rapscallions found some cause for complaint.
    Ex: In all reality, the power now lies with serious buyers who know they have more room to negotiate when making offers.

    Spanish-English dictionary > en realidad

  • 20 en la realidad

    = in actual practice, in reality
    Ex. The supervisor in actual practice receives information not only from subordinates, but from superiors and from external sources.
    Ex. In reality the extent of integration for catalogue entries for different media depends on administrative considerations, such as which section of the library is responsible for the compilation of catalogues for the various media.
    * * *
    = in actual practice, in reality

    Ex: The supervisor in actual practice receives information not only from subordinates, but from superiors and from external sources.

    Ex: In reality the extent of integration for catalogue entries for different media depends on administrative considerations, such as which section of the library is responsible for the compilation of catalogues for the various media.

    Spanish-English dictionary > en la realidad

См. также в других словарях:

  • external — [ek stʉr′nəl, ikstʉr′nəl] adj. [ME < L externus, outward, external < exter, exterus, on the outside, compar. form < ex, out of (see EX 1) + AL] 1. on or having to do with the outside; outer; exterior 2. on, or for use on, the outside of… …   English World dictionary

  • reality — noun ADJECTIVE ▪ sad, sobering, unfortunate, unpleasant ▪ We were faced with the unpleasant reality of having nowhere to live. ▪ bitter, brutal, cold …   Collocations dictionary

  • external — On the outside or farther from the center; often incorrectly used to mean lateral. SYN: externus [TA]. [L. externus] * * * ex·ter·nal ek stərn əl adj 1) capable of being perceived outwardly: BODILY <external signs of a disease> 2 a)… …   Medical dictionary

  • external — I. adjective Etymology: Latin externus external, from exter more at exterior Date: 1542 1. a. capable of being perceived outwardly < external signs of a disease > b. (1) having merely the outward appearance of something ; superficia …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • Reality — Reality, in everyday usage, means the state of things as they actually exist . [Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English, Oxford University Press, 2005 (Full entry for reality : reality • noun (pl. realities) 1 the state of things as… …   Wikipedia

  • Reality Therapy — is a particular approach in psychotherapy and counseling. It has primarily been developed by the psychiatrist Dr. William Glasser since the mid 1960 s. Reality Therapy is based on a concept called Choice Theory (originally called control theory) …   Wikipedia

  • Reality hacking — is an artistic practice which emerges from the intersection of hacking and hacker culture, contemporary art, activism, and net culture. Reality hacking takes as its basis a broad, phenomenological point of view of the world, and considers (often… …   Wikipedia

  • Reality tunnel — is a term coined by Timothy Leary and popularised by Robert Anton Wilson. The theory states that, with a subconscious set of mental filters formed from their beliefs and experiences, every individual interprets this same world differently, hence… …   Wikipedia

  • Reality Check (organization) — Reality Check is a youth based, adult mentored [ [http://www.tricountycessation.org/contactus.html Contact Us ,] Tri County Cessation Center. Retrieved 12/17/07. Note: Look under Reality Check . ] statewide youth program operated by the New York… …   Wikipedia

  • Reality-based community — is a popular term among liberal political commentators in the United States. In the fall of 2004, the phrase proud member of the reality based community, was first used to suggest the commentator s opinions are based more on observation than… …   Wikipedia

  • Reality Checkpoint — is the name given to a large lamp post in the middle of Parker s Piece, Cambridge, England [cite journal | last = Baker | first = Mike | title = Not in front of the parents: How education speak prevents teachers from being heard | journal =… …   Wikipedia

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